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Learning about Children's Mental Health through Film
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        • Mental Health Conditions

        • AnxietyAnxiety disorders are one of the most common mental health problems identified in children. Estimates of the rates of prevalence vary greatly from 8% to 27% lifetime prevalence by age 18. Chronic anxiety disorders are associated with increased risk of other serious mental health problems in later life. Therefore, early identification and treatment is key. Watch our information and real life experience films below or view and download our fact sheet and supporting presentation.
        • Depression
        • OCD
        • PTSD
        • Eating Disorders
        • Why is my child self-harming?
        • TraumaTrauma in children may be: A one-off experience, such as a car crash Living in an atmosphere that feels unsafe, or where they are witness to violence Experiencing, or witnessing, harm Experiences of war, or of becoming a refugee Stressful and challenging experiences are a part of life, and most children will experience these at some point. This becomes traumatic if the event is more than a child can make sense of, or cope with. To learn more about Trauma in Children, please refer to our informational and real-life experiences videos.
        • Body dysmorphic disorder
        • Neurodivergent Conditions

        • ADHD
        • Autism
        • Conduct Disorders/ODD
        • DyslexiaDyslexia in children is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting language processing, particularly in reading, spelling, and writing. It emerges early in childhood and persists into adulthood. Encourage your child’s strengths and provide a patient, nurturing environment. Remember, dyslexia doesn’t define intelligence. With the right resources like ours below, your child can flourish and excel in their own unique way.
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        • UK Trauma Council ResourcesNip in the Bud is very grateful to the UK Trauma Council for permitting us to show on our website their series of four excellent animation films about Trauma and PTSD. The UK Trauma Council’s work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. These animations have been produced with the involvement of young people themselves, and are designed to help young people and the adults around them recognise the signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. They also suggest ways of coping with scary memories, explain the science around the best treatments, and answer any worries you might have about getting support.
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        • Mental Health Conditions

        • AnxietyIt is becoming increasingly common that children and young people in your school or classroom may be diagnosed with anxiety. Symptoms of anxiety in children vary, but it’s important that you are able to understand and recognise how this might affect learning in a classroom environment. It’s normal for everyone to feel anxious from time to time – it’s a normal response to stress. However, some young people may experience uncontrollable levels of anxiety that are excessive in relation to what’s happening around them –can therefore struggle with their day-to-day tasks and schoolwork. Common worries can become overwhelming for children and young people with anxiety leading to them becoming quite distressed. If this does happen there are a few ways in which you can respond to try and calm the situation. Some signs and symptoms to look out for include tears when entering school, being withdrawn from their peers, concentration difficulties, fidgeting, changes in appetite, and irritability. Download our factsheet for more information on what to look for if you suspect a child or young person in your class is suffering from anxiety. Getting the conversation going can be a good starting point – for example, planning lessons themed around…
        • DepressionDepression is a common yet serious mood disorder that involves a persistence of deep sadness, hopelessness, and numbness. Someone experiencing depressing may feel a constant melancholy that prevents them from enjoying their everyday life. Children and young people especially can feel alone and misunderstood which often stops them from expressing how they feel to people close to them. This isolation can lead to suicidal feelings, self-harm and, in a worst-case scenario, suicide. Parents and teachers are often the first to identify the symptoms of depression in children and young people. Some key symptoms of depression include excessive and persistent worry, moodiness, over or undereating, and self-harm. Some symptoms manifest in physical ways that are a little easier to spot as a teacher during school time such as frequent aches and pains, not wanting to play, either complete isolation or clinginess, and uncharacteristic irritability and anger. There are many risk factors at school that can lead a child to develop depression. As a teacher, you should be on the lookout for children experiencing bullying, social isolation, a lack of self-confidence, and an inability to keep up with schoolwork, among other factors. Children particularly vulnerable to depression are ones who experience abuse,…
        • OCDObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition that involves repetitive, intrusive, and impulsive thoughts and images entering the mind, causing intense anxiety. As a result of this anxiety, the child or young person engages in compulsive or repetitive behaviours designed to ease their anxiety. They then obsessively repeat these behaviours to rid themselves of the anxiety, causing detriment to their daily life. Early signs of OCD can include excessive worrying and feeling a strong sense of responsibility over yourself and others. A child or young person will ask for constant reassurance about whether their homework is correct or whether they are doing something right or being a good student as they no longer trust their own judgement. As a teacher, these are early signs you can look out for which can inform how you approach the child going forward. Stress at school and bullying are key factors which exacerbate the development of OCD – the more overwhelmed a child feels, the more they give into their compulsive, repetitive behaviours to ease their anxiety. As a teacher, it is your duty to make sure the classroom is a safe space for all, keeping an eye on students who seem…
        • PTSDPTSD or post-traumatic stress disorder can be triggered in children and young people when they experience a particularly horrifying or scarring event. The cause can be as varied as a car crash or sexual assault. A child can develop PTSD if they are involved in this event, witnessed it, or even heard about it second-hand. It can be difficult to identify PTSD in children and young people, as they are reluctant to talk about the trauma they experienced as a way to protect themselves. However, there are some tell-tale signs of PTSD that you can look out for in your students. Children with PTSD will often have trouble concentrating and may even fall asleep during school time due to the lack of sleep they’re having at home, making learning much harder. A sudden plummet in grades is also a red flag – in such cases, it is important to check up on the student rather than reprimand them, which can cause further harm. PTSD also causes many children or young people to become highly irritable and angry due to the intense emotions they’re experiencing, often making them see other people as a threat. In this case, it is important to…
        • Eating DisordersAn eating disorder develops when a child’s and young person’s emotional well-being gets tangled up with their eating habits – for example, if their self-esteem is dependent on how much they eat or don’t eat. Eating disorders are most common in teenagers between the ages of 13 to 17 and they can manifest in a multitude of ways. Anorexia nervosa is a serious mental illness where a person has an intense fear of gaining weight, often accompanied by body dysmorphia – a distorted view of one’s body. This fear leads them to eat very little or nothing at all, leading to severe and potentially life-threatening weight loss. Bulimia nervosa is a serious mental illness that stems from being shamed about consuming large amounts of food, and your weight. A person will binge eat as much food as they can in a short space of time – this is often out of their control. They will then purge – making themselves throw up all the food they have eaten to avoid putting on weight from the binge. This leads to severe and potentially life-threatening weight loss. Binge eating is a serious mental illness which, similarly to Bulimia, involves consuming large amounts…
        • Self-harm in the ClassroomSelf-harm in children and young people happens when a person experiences an overwhelming flood of emotions such as guilt, shame, anger, hate, and a lack of control. This leads them to inflict deliberate harm upon themselves as a way to relieve the flood of emotions they are experiencing and punish themselves for feeling them in the first place. This can take the form of cutting themselves with sharp objects, over-eating or under-eating, pulling their hair out, burning themselves, and misusing intoxicants such as alcohol and drugs. Distress and overwhelming emotions often manifest during school time, and as a teacher it is important to have an awareness that school can be a trigger for students struggling with self-harming tendencies. Create a safe and open space for all students by letting your students know you are always here to support and hear them out whenever they need it. Common signs of self-harm include cuts, burns, and hair-pulling – these are easier to spot as they are often visible on the student’s body. However, young people can be very good at hiding their scars under long jumpers and trousers. If a student is adamant about keeping their jumper on even during hot temperatures,…
        • TraumaIf a child in your care is suffering with Trauma, they will be very distressed. This may be obvious, or it may show up in the form of physical ailments such as headaches or vomiting. They may show signs of regression in toileting or feeding, struggle with their schoolwork or find it difficult to concentrate. Watch our Informational film on Trauma and Children with Dr Sian Williams and Dr David Trickey to understand how children react to Trauma and how they can be helped.
        • Body dysmorphic disorder
        • Neurodivergent Conditions

        • ADHDADHD, or Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, presents itself in many ways which can sometimes make it difficult for teachers to spot the signs. It is characterised by difficulties in the areas of attention, level of activity and impulse control. ADHD is a recognised developmental disorder which can affect many areas of a child’s life – including in a learning environment. It is common for ADHD to be misdiagnosed in girls, as the symptoms of ADHD present differently to that of boys, and aren’t as commonly shared. One of the most important things you can do as a teacher for a student with ADHD is to learn and understand how they are feeling, and how they see the world around them. Sometimes for students with ADHD it may feel like nobody understands them. In this video, we go through our tips for teachers who have a child in their class who has Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Also, view our Practical Tips for Teachers in the Classroom below .
        • Autism
        • Conduct Disorders/ODDODD, or oppositional defiant disorder, is diagnosed in children and young people that are persistently and repetitively antisocial, disobedient, have frequent tantrums, can not listen to authority, and purposely harm others. Conduct disorders are the most common disorders in children and are more frequent in boys, with 7% of boys and 3% of girls meeting the criteria for conduct disorders. It is normal for children and young people to be defiant towards authority to some degree, but if a particular student stands out from the others in your class and is perpetually defiant, violent and resentful towards others, this can develop into ODD. A child or young person with ODD will often engage in a range of violent and destructive behaviours such as fighting, temper tantrums, arguing with adults and peers, and lying and blaming others for their behaviour. In some extreme cases, the child or young person may engage in being cruel to animals and starting fires. As a teacher, it can be difficult to know how to handle a student with ODD in a way that ensures they make the most of their learning and helps their behaviours and social relationships. However, there are things you can do…
        • DyslexiaChildren with Dyslexia have a different intelligence, way of thinking and way of seeing the world.  Many innovators, inventors and successful entrepreneurs have been Dyslexic.  Dyslexic thinking skills include imagination, inspiration, creativity and the ability to solve things. They sometimes find it difficult to fit into rigorous, inflexible education methods. Our resources for teachers and professionals on Dyslexia explain that if the condition is spotted early, there are strategies that can be used to work on the strengths of Dyslexic children which will allow them to develop different talents and thrive in life.
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        • Early Intervention SeriesThis Early Intervention series of short episodes produced by Nip in the Bud are a guide to how schools can help parents if they notice changes in behaviour or in emotional wellbeing in a child and how parents and teaching staff can work together to address potential children’s mental health conditions.
        • Training Resource
        • UK Trauma Council ResourcesNip in the Bud has been given permission by the UK Trauma Council to share this series of four short animations which they have produced on the topic of Trauma and PTSD. The UK Trauma Council’s work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. These animations have been produced with the involvement of young people themselves, and are designed to help young people and the adults around them recognise the signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. They also suggest ways of coping with scary memories, explain the science around the best treatments, and answer any worries you might have about getting support.
        • Emotional Wellbeing

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Blog / Autism / The Importance of Early Intervention: My Story of an Adult Diagnosis of Autism

The Importance of Early Intervention: My Story of an Adult Diagnosis of Autism

Posted on: 15th January 2023
A young man wearing a hoodie is walking away through a tree lined path.

“Whilst I still have a tendency to blame myself for things that aren’t my fault, since my diagnosis, I’ve been able to show myself a little more compassion.”

“It’s not your fault” she said.

That’s the first thing the nice lady at the University of Portsmouth Wellbeing Service said to me, as she confirmed that I was “most likely” on the spectrum, in early 2019. This was before I embarked on the long journey of getting referred and eventually diagnosed with autism. 

She said it might-sound-strange, but it made perfect sense to me. I was already in my early-thirties with a patchy work-history, and a mind overflowing with uncomfortable thoughts and memories. I had a track-record of social rejections and embarrassment, backed by a catalogue of failures to cope with apparently simple things. I knew it wasn’t my fault, but I definitely needed to hear it.

I cried a little.

It took a lot for me to ask for help, because I didn’t receive the support I needed when I was in school. My difficulties largely went unnoticed, perhaps because they often weren’t reflected in my grades. When my academic progress did suffer, or I was too tired to do my homework, I was called “lazy” by teachers. I had never heard that “avoidance” and “executive dysfunction” could make it difficult for autistic people to initiate tasks. I developed a deep, suffocating anxiety about school and felt like no one cared.

Other children often noticed that I was different, but they didn’t understand, and I lacked the vocabulary to explain. Even those I assumed were my friends often called me “weird” and said I “talk too much”. They made fun of my enthusiasm for video games, anime, and tabletop role-playing, and I didn’t participate in sports because I was ridiculed for being uncoordinated. I was called “gay” in a phobic, pejorative sense, simply for sitting next to a male friend on the bus, and when I adjusted my outward behaviour, I was considered “antisocial”. No matter what I did, I never felt that I was acceptable.

When I was growing up, I frequently heard that “there are too many labels.” However, I noticed that people were quick to apply labels like “weird” when someone was perceived as different. They didn’t understand why someone would want a diagnosis: “why can’t we all just be individuals?” The prevalence of this way of thinking when I was younger, even among teaching professionals, is why I find it hard to ask for help today. “You don’t need a label. You’re fine!” I would often tell myself… but I wasn’t fine. I exploded. Frequently. Weirdly, ignoring my problems didn’t make them go away!

Despite these challenges, I scraped through school with reasonably good grades and went on to complete a degree. However, after struggling for years to cope in various minimum-wage jobs, I decided to enrol in a post-graduate course. I wanted things to be different this time, so I booked myself in with the University Wellbeing Service during induction. I knew the coming deadlines and evaluations would be stressful, and what this would mean for me.

I’ve had a periodic “depressive illness” since childhood, as it is usually described on my fit-notes, which comes and goes like a tide. This has been accompanied by episodes of suicidal ideation, even though I was too young to have the language to express this, or to make sense of it. I now know that about half of all autistic people will experience depression in their life, compared to just 5% of adults globally. Discovering this didn’t make the problem go away, but learning that many of the challenges I experience are the result of a neurological condition has shifted the narrative considerably. 

Before deciding to pursue a diagnosis I felt ashamed of my difficulties; I was a bad person because of them. Although I knew in my head that this wasn’t true, I didn’t know it in my heart. Without an actual label to help make sense of it all, every criticism embedded itself under my skin and became part of the very fabric of my thoughts. Whilst I still have a tendency to blame myself for things that aren’t my fault, since my diagnosis, I’ve been able to show myself a little more compassion.

The more I learn about autism, the more I am also able to see the positive impact it’s had on my life. My creativity, my attention to detail and my ability to maintain extreme focus for long periods of time are all things I attribute to being built slightly differently. I self-teach and self-motivate. I could read before I started primary school. I enjoy my own company. I have a vivid imagination and I am never short of things to do.

Whilst I am happy there is more support for the generations that followed me, I am also aware there is very little for adults like me who fell through the gaps when we were younger. All I can do is move forward, but I also mourn what my earlier life could have been. For the times it feels like I’m navigating this journey alone, I’m grateful for my community of neurodivergent friends. Despite experiencing their own social challenges, they are always happy to share advice, coping strategies and… let’s face it… horror stories!

“It’s not your fault.” she said. 

It made total sense. The lady at the University of Portsmouth Wellbeing Service was very wise. Those four words mean everything to my ongoing journey toward understanding myself better, and being kinder to myself while I try to navigate a world that wasn’t really designed with people like me in mind. 

I wish I could remember her name, but I’m terrible with names. It turns out, I’m autistic!

Author: Jon Clucas

The importance of early intervention

Early intervention can significantly improve mental health outcomes for children and prevent avoidable suffering. For information about how to recognise a child in distress and how to get the right support, you can access our early intervention film series below.

  • Early Intervention 1: Does my child need help?
  • Early Intervention 2: How can the school help?
  • Early Intervention 3: How can the GP help?
  • Early Intervention 4: How to apply for an EHCP (Education Health & Care Plan)
  • Early Intervention Support Pack

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